godot_voxel/dmc/voxel_mesher_dmc.cpp
2019-04-22 21:15:45 +01:00

1355 lines
42 KiB
C++

#include "voxel_mesher_dmc.h"
#include "../cube_tables.h"
#include "hermite_value.h"
#include "marching_cubes_tables.h"
#include "mesh_builder.h"
#include "octree_utility.h"
// Dual marching cubes
// Algorithm taken from https://www.volume-gfx.com/volume-rendering/dual-marching-cubes/
namespace dmc {
// Surface is defined when isolevel crosses 0
const float SURFACE_ISO_LEVEL = 0.0;
const float NEAR_SURFACE_FACTOR = 2.0;
const float SQRT3 = 1.7320508075688772;
// Octree used only for dual grid construction
struct OctreeNode {
Vector3i origin;
int size; // Nodes are cubic
HermiteValue center_value;
OctreeNode *children[8];
OctreeNode() {
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
children[i] = nullptr;
}
}
~OctreeNode() {
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
if (children[i]) {
memdelete(children[i]);
}
}
}
inline bool has_children() const {
return children[0] != nullptr;
}
};
void split(OctreeNode *node) {
CRASH_COND(node->has_children());
CRASH_COND(node->size == 1);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
OctreeNode *child = memnew(OctreeNode);
const int *v = OctreeUtility::g_octant_position[i];
child->size = node->size / 2;
child->origin = node->origin + Vector3i(v[0], v[1], v[2]) * child->size;
node->children[i] = child;
}
}
struct VoxelAccess {
const VoxelBuffer &buffer;
const Vector3i offset;
VoxelAccess(const VoxelBuffer &p_buffer, Vector3i p_offset) :
buffer(p_buffer),
offset(p_offset) {}
inline HermiteValue get_hermite_value(int x, int y, int z) const {
return dmc::get_hermite_value(buffer, x + offset.x, y + offset.y, z + offset.z);
}
inline HermiteValue get_interpolated_hermite_value(Vector3 pos) const {
pos.x += offset.x;
pos.y += offset.y;
pos.z += offset.z;
return dmc::get_interpolated_hermite_value(buffer, pos);
}
};
bool can_split(Vector3i node_origin, int node_size, const VoxelAccess &voxels, float geometric_error) {
if (node_size == 1) {
// Voxel resolution, can't split further
return false;
}
Vector3i origin = node_origin + voxels.offset;
int step = node_size;
int channel = VoxelBuffer::CHANNEL_ISOLEVEL;
// Don't split if nothing is inside, i.e isolevel distance is greater than the size of the cube we are in
// Vector3i center_pos = node_origin + Vector3i(node_size / 2);
// HermiteValue center_value = voxels.get_hermite_value(center_pos.x, center_pos.y, center_pos.z);
// if (Math::abs(center_value.value) > SQRT3 * (float)node_size) {
// return false;
// }
// Fighting with Clang-format here /**/
float v0 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x, /* */ origin.y, /* */ origin.z, /* */ channel); // 0
float v1 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x + step, origin.y, /* */ origin.z, /* */ channel); // 1
float v2 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x + step, origin.y, /* */ origin.z + step, channel); // 2
float v3 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x, /* */ origin.y, /* */ origin.z + step, channel); // 3
float v4 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x, /* */ origin.y + step, origin.z, /* */ channel); // 4
float v5 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x + step, origin.y + step, origin.z, /* */ channel); // 5
float v6 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x + step, origin.y + step, origin.z + step, channel); // 6
float v7 = voxels.buffer.get_voxel_iso(origin.x, /* */ origin.y + step, origin.z + step, channel); // 7
int hstep = step / 2;
Vector3i positions[19] = {
// Starting from point 8
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y, /* */ origin.z), // 8
Vector3i(origin.x + step, /* */ origin.y, /* */ origin.z + hstep), // 9
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y, /* */ origin.z + step), // 10
Vector3i(origin.x, /* */ origin.y, /* */ origin.z + hstep), // 11
Vector3i(origin.x, /* */ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z), // 12
Vector3i(origin.x + step, /* */ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z), // 13
Vector3i(origin.x + step, /* */ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z + step), // 14
Vector3i(origin.x, /* */ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z + step), // 15
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y + step, /* */ origin.z), // 16
Vector3i(origin.x + step, /* */ origin.y + step, /* */ origin.z + hstep), // 17
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y + step, /* */ origin.z + step), // 18
Vector3i(origin.x, /* */ origin.y + step, /* */ origin.z + hstep), // 19
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y, /* */ origin.z + hstep), // 20
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z), // 21
Vector3i(origin.x + step, /* */ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z + hstep), // 22
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z + step), // 23
Vector3i(origin.x, /* */ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z + hstep), // 24
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y + step, /* */ origin.z + hstep), // 25
Vector3i(origin.x + hstep, /**/ origin.y + hstep, /**/ origin.z + hstep) // 26
};
Vector3 positions_ratio[19] = {
Vector3(0.5, 0.0, 0.0),
Vector3(1.0, 0.0, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 0.0, 1.0),
Vector3(0.0, 0.0, 0.5),
Vector3(0.0, 0.5, 0.0),
Vector3(1.0, 0.5, 0.0),
Vector3(1.0, 0.5, 1.0),
Vector3(0.0, 0.5, 1.0),
Vector3(0.5, 1.0, 0.0),
Vector3(1.0, 1.0, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 1.0, 1.0),
Vector3(0.0, 1.0, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 0.0, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 0.5, 0.0),
Vector3(1.0, 0.5, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 0.5, 1.0),
Vector3(0.0, 0.5, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 1.0, 0.5),
Vector3(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
};
float error = 0.0;
for (int i = 0; i < 19; ++i) {
Vector3i pos = positions[i];
HermiteValue value = get_hermite_value(voxels.buffer, pos.x, pos.y, pos.z);
float interpolated_value = ::interpolate(v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, positions_ratio[i]);
float gradient_magnitude = value.gradient.length();
if (gradient_magnitude < FLT_EPSILON) {
gradient_magnitude = 1.0;
}
error += Math::abs(value.value - interpolated_value) / gradient_magnitude;
if (error >= geometric_error) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
inline Vector3 get_center(const OctreeNode *node) {
return node->origin.to_vec3() + 0.5 * Vector3(node->size, node->size, node->size);
}
void generate_octree_top_down(OctreeNode *node, const VoxelAccess &voxels, float geometric_error) {
if (can_split(node->origin, node->size, voxels, geometric_error)) {
split(node);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
generate_octree_top_down(node->children[i], voxels, geometric_error);
}
} else {
node->center_value = voxels.get_interpolated_hermite_value(get_center(node));
}
}
// Builds the octree bottom-up, to ensure that no detail can be missed by a top-down approach.
class OctreeBuilderBottomUp {
public:
OctreeBuilderBottomUp(const VoxelAccess &voxels, float geometry_error) :
_voxels(voxels),
_geometry_error(geometry_error) {
}
OctreeNode *build(Vector3i node_origin, int node_size) const {
OctreeNode *children[8] = { nullptr };
bool any_node = false;
// Go all the way down, except leaves because we can't reason bottom-up on them
if (node_size > 2) {
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
const int *dir = OctreeUtility::g_octant_position[i];
int child_size = node_size / 2;
children[i] = build(node_origin + child_size * Vector3i(dir[0], dir[1], dir[2]), child_size);
any_node |= children[i] != nullptr;
}
}
OctreeNode *node = nullptr;
if (!any_node) {
// No nodes, test if the 8 octants are worth existing (this could be leaves)
if (can_split(node_origin, node_size, _voxels, _geometry_error)) {
node = memnew(OctreeNode);
node->origin = node_origin;
node->size = node_size;
// Create all 8 children
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
node->children[i] = create_child(node_origin, node_size, i);
}
}
// If no splitting... then we return null.
// If the parent iteration gets all children null this way,
// it will allow detail reduction recursively upwards.
} else {
// Some child nodes were deemed worthy of existence,
// create their siblings at the same detail level
node = memnew(OctreeNode);
node->origin = node_origin;
node->size = node_size;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
if (children[i] != nullptr) {
node->children[i] = children[i];
} else {
node->children[i] = create_child(node_origin, node_size, i);
}
}
}
return node;
}
private:
inline OctreeNode *create_child(Vector3i parent_origin, int parent_size, int i) const {
const int *dir = OctreeUtility::g_octant_position[i];
OctreeNode *child = memnew(OctreeNode);
child->size = parent_size / 2;
child->origin = parent_origin + child->size * Vector3i(dir[0], dir[1], dir[2]);
child->center_value = _voxels.get_interpolated_hermite_value(get_center(child));
return child;
}
private:
const VoxelAccess &_voxels;
const float _geometry_error;
};
template <typename Action_T>
void foreach_node(OctreeNode *root, Action_T &a, int depth = 0) {
a(root, depth);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
if (root->children[i]) {
foreach_node(root->children[i], a, depth + 1);
}
}
}
Ref<ArrayMesh> generate_debug_octree_mesh(OctreeNode *root) {
struct GetMaxDepth {
int max_depth;
void operator()(OctreeNode *_, int depth) {
if (depth > max_depth) {
max_depth = depth;
}
}
};
struct Arrays {
PoolVector3Array positions;
PoolColorArray colors;
PoolIntArray indices;
};
struct AddCube {
Arrays *arrays;
int max_depth;
void operator()(OctreeNode *node, int depth) {
float shrink = depth * 0.005;
Vector3 o = node->origin.to_vec3() + Vector3(shrink, shrink, shrink);
float s = node->size - 2.0 * shrink;
Color col(1.0, (float)depth / (float)max_depth, 0.0);
int vi = arrays->positions.size();
for (int i = 0; i < Cube::CORNER_COUNT; ++i) {
arrays->positions.push_back(o + s * Cube::g_corner_position[i]);
arrays->colors.push_back(col);
}
for (int i = 0; i < Cube::EDGE_COUNT; ++i) {
arrays->indices.push_back(vi + Cube::g_edge_corners[i][0]);
arrays->indices.push_back(vi + Cube::g_edge_corners[i][1]);
}
}
};
GetMaxDepth get_max_depth;
foreach_node(root, get_max_depth);
Arrays arrays;
AddCube add_cube;
add_cube.arrays = &arrays;
add_cube.max_depth = get_max_depth.max_depth;
foreach_node(root, add_cube);
if (arrays.positions.size() == 0) {
return Ref<ArrayMesh>();
}
Array surface;
surface.resize(Mesh::ARRAY_MAX);
surface[Mesh::ARRAY_VERTEX] = arrays.positions;
surface[Mesh::ARRAY_COLOR] = arrays.colors;
surface[Mesh::ARRAY_INDEX] = arrays.indices;
Ref<ArrayMesh> mesh;
mesh.instance();
mesh->add_surface_from_arrays(Mesh::PRIMITIVE_LINES, surface);
return mesh;
}
struct DualCell {
Vector3 corners[8];
HermiteValue values[8];
bool has_values;
DualCell() :
has_values(false) {}
inline void set_corner(int i, Vector3 vertex, HermiteValue value) {
CRASH_COND(i < 0 || i >= 8);
corners[i] = vertex;
values[i] = value;
}
};
struct DualGrid {
std::vector<DualCell> cells;
inline void add_cell(
const Vector3 c0,
const Vector3 c1,
const Vector3 c2,
const Vector3 c3,
const Vector3 c4,
const Vector3 c5,
const Vector3 c6,
const Vector3 c7) {
DualCell cell;
cell.corners[0] = c0;
cell.corners[1] = c1;
cell.corners[2] = c2;
cell.corners[3] = c3;
cell.corners[4] = c4;
cell.corners[5] = c5;
cell.corners[6] = c6;
cell.corners[7] = c7;
cells.push_back(cell);
}
};
Ref<ArrayMesh> generate_debug_dual_grid_mesh(const DualGrid &grid) {
PoolVector3Array positions;
PoolIntArray indices;
for (int i = 0; i < grid.cells.size(); ++i) {
const DualCell &cell = grid.cells[i];
int vi = positions.size();
for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j) {
// Vector3 p = Vector3(g_octant_position[j][0], g_octant_position[j][1], g_octant_position[j][2]);
// Vector3 n = (Vector3(0.5, 0.5, 0.5) - p).normalized();
positions.push_back(cell.corners[j]); // + n * 0.01);
}
for (int j = 0; j < Cube::EDGE_COUNT; ++j) {
indices.push_back(vi + Cube::g_edge_corners[j][0]);
indices.push_back(vi + Cube::g_edge_corners[j][1]);
}
}
if (positions.size() == 0) {
return Ref<ArrayMesh>();
}
Array surface;
surface.resize(Mesh::ARRAY_MAX);
surface[Mesh::ARRAY_VERTEX] = positions;
surface[Mesh::ARRAY_INDEX] = indices;
Ref<ArrayMesh> mesh;
mesh.instance();
mesh->add_surface_from_arrays(Mesh::PRIMITIVE_LINES, surface);
return mesh;
}
inline bool is_border_left(const OctreeNode *node) {
return node->origin.x == 0;
}
inline bool is_border_right(const OctreeNode *node, int rootSize) {
return node->origin.x + node->size == rootSize;
}
inline bool is_border_bottom(const OctreeNode *node) {
return node->origin.y == 0;
}
inline bool is_border_top(const OctreeNode *node, int rootSize) {
return node->origin.y + node->size == rootSize;
}
inline bool is_border_back(const OctreeNode *node) {
return node->origin.z == 0;
}
inline bool is_border_front(const OctreeNode *node, int rootSize) {
return node->origin.z + node->size == rootSize;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_back(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_front(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_left(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_right(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_top(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.y += node->size;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_bottom(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_back_top(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.y += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_back_bottom(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_front_top(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.y += node->size;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_front_bottom(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_left_top(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.y += node->size;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_left_bottom(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_right_top(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.y += node->size;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_right_bottom(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.z += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_back_left(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_front_left(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_back_right(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_center_front_right(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.y += node->size * 0.5;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner1(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner2(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner3(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner4(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.y += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner5(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.y += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner6(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.x += node->size;
p.y += node->size;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
inline Vector3 get_corner7(const OctreeNode *node) {
Vector3 p = node->origin.to_vec3();
p.y += node->size;
p.z += node->size;
return p;
}
class DualGridGenerator {
public:
DualGridGenerator(DualGrid &grid, int octree_root_size) :
_grid(grid),
_octree_root_size(octree_root_size) {}
void node_proc(OctreeNode *node);
private:
DualGrid &_grid;
int _octree_root_size;
void create_border_cells(
const OctreeNode *n0,
const OctreeNode *n1,
const OctreeNode *n2,
const OctreeNode *n3,
const OctreeNode *n4,
const OctreeNode *n5,
const OctreeNode *n6,
const OctreeNode *n7);
void vert_proc(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3, OctreeNode *n4, OctreeNode *n5, OctreeNode *n6, OctreeNode *n7);
void edge_proc_x(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3);
void edge_proc_y(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3);
void edge_proc_z(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3);
void face_proc_xy(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1);
void face_proc_zy(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1);
void face_proc_xz(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1);
};
void DualGridGenerator::create_border_cells(
const OctreeNode *n0,
const OctreeNode *n1,
const OctreeNode *n2,
const OctreeNode *n3,
const OctreeNode *n4,
const OctreeNode *n5,
const OctreeNode *n6,
const OctreeNode *n7) {
DualGrid &grid = _grid;
// Most boring function ever
if (is_border_back(n0) && is_border_back(n1) && is_border_back(n4) && is_border_back(n5)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back(n0), get_center_back(n1), get_center(n1), get_center(n0),
get_center_back(n4), get_center_back(n5), get_center(n5), get_center(n4));
// Generate back edge border cells
if (is_border_top(n4, _octree_root_size) && is_border_top(n5, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back(n4), get_center_back(n5), get_center(n5), get_center(n4),
get_center_back_top(n4), get_center_back_top(n5), get_center_top(n5), get_center_top(n4));
// Generate back top corner cells
if (is_border_left(n4)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back_left(n4), get_center_back(n4), get_center(n4), get_center_left(n4),
get_corner4(n4), get_center_back_top(n4), get_center_top(n4), get_center_left_top(n4));
}
if (is_border_right(n4, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back(n5), get_center_back_right(n5), get_center_right(n5), get_center(n5),
get_center_back_top(n5), get_corner5(n5), get_center_right_top(n5), get_center_top(n5));
}
}
if (is_border_bottom(n0) && is_border_bottom(n1)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back_bottom(n0), get_center_back_bottom(n1), get_center_bottom(n1), get_center_bottom(n0),
get_center_back(n0), get_center_back(n1), get_center(n1), get_center(n0));
// Generate back bottom corner cells
if (is_border_left(n0)) {
grid.add_cell(n0->origin.to_vec3(), get_center_back_bottom(n0), get_center_bottom(n0), get_center_left_bottom(n0),
get_center_back_left(n0), get_center_back(n0), get_center(n0), get_center_left(n0));
}
if (is_border_right(n1, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(get_center_back_bottom(n1), get_corner1(n1), get_center_right_bottom(n1), get_center_bottom(n1),
get_center_back(n1), get_center_back_right(n1), get_center_right(n1), get_center(n1));
}
}
}
if (is_border_front(n2, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_front(n3, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_front(n6, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_front(n7, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n3), get_center(n2), get_center_front(n2), get_center_front(n3),
get_center(n7), get_center(n6), get_center_front(n6), get_center_front(n7));
// Generate front edge border cells
if (is_border_top(n6, _octree_root_size) && is_border_top(n7, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n7), get_center(n6), get_center_front(n6), get_center_front(n7),
get_center_top(n7), get_center_top(n6), get_center_front_top(n6), get_center_front_top(n7));
// Generate back bottom corner cells
if (is_border_left(n7)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_left(n7), get_center(n7), get_center_front(n7), get_center_front_left(n7),
get_center_left_top(n7), get_center_top(n7), get_center_front_top(n7), get_corner7(n7));
}
if (is_border_right(n6, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n6), get_center_right(n6), get_center_front_right(n6), get_center_front(n6),
get_center_top(n6), get_center_right_top(n6), get_corner6(n6), get_center_front_top(n6));
}
}
if (is_border_bottom(n3) && is_border_bottom(n2)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_bottom(n3), get_center_bottom(n2), get_center_front_bottom(n2), get_center_front_bottom(n3),
get_center(n3), get_center(n2), get_center_front(n2), get_center_front(n3));
// Generate back bottom corner cells
if (is_border_left(n3)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_left_bottom(n3), get_center_bottom(n3), get_center_front_bottom(n3), get_corner3(n3),
get_center_left(n3), get_center(n3), get_center_front(n3), get_center_front_left(n3));
}
if (is_border_right(n2, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(get_center_bottom(n2), get_center_right_bottom(n2), get_corner2(n2), get_center_front_bottom(n2),
get_center(n2), get_center_right(n2), get_center_front_right(n2), get_center_front(n2));
}
}
}
if (is_border_left(n0) && is_border_left(n3) && is_border_left(n4) && is_border_left(n7)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_left(n0), get_center(n0), get_center(n3), get_center_left(n3),
get_center_left(n4), get_center(n4), get_center(n7), get_center_left(n7));
// Generate left edge border cells
if (is_border_top(n4, _octree_root_size) && is_border_top(n7, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_left(n4), get_center(n4), get_center(n7), get_center_left(n7),
get_center_left_top(n4), get_center_top(n4), get_center_top(n7), get_center_left_top(n7));
}
if (is_border_bottom(n0) && is_border_bottom(n3)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_left_bottom(n0), get_center_bottom(n0), get_center_bottom(n3), get_center_left_bottom(n3),
get_center_left(n0), get_center(n0), get_center(n3), get_center_left(n3));
}
if (is_border_back(n0) && is_border_back(n4)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back_left(n0), get_center_back(n0), get_center(n0), get_center_left(n0),
get_center_back_left(n4), get_center_back(n4), get_center(n4), get_center_left(n4));
}
if (is_border_front(n3, _octree_root_size) && is_border_front(n7, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_left(n3), get_center(n3), get_center_front(n3), get_center_front_left(n3),
get_center_left(n7), get_center(n7), get_center_front(n7), get_center_front_left(n7));
}
}
if (is_border_right(n1, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_right(n2, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_right(n5, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_right(n6, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n1), get_center_right(n1), get_center_right(n2), get_center(n2),
get_center(n5), get_center_right(n5), get_center_right(n6), get_center(n6));
// Generate right edge border cells
if (is_border_top(n5, _octree_root_size) && is_border_top(n6, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n5), get_center_right(n5), get_center_right(n6), get_center(n6),
get_center_top(n5), get_center_right_top(n5), get_center_right_top(n6), get_center_top(n6));
}
if (is_border_bottom(n1) && is_border_bottom(n2)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_bottom(n1), get_center_right_bottom(n1), get_center_right_bottom(n2), get_center_bottom(n2),
get_center(n1), get_center_right(n1), get_center_right(n2), get_center(n2));
}
if (is_border_back(n1) && is_border_back(n5)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_back(n1), get_center_back_right(n1), get_center_right(n1), get_center(n1),
get_center_back(n5), get_center_back_right(n5), get_center_right(n5), get_center(n5));
}
if (is_border_front(n2, _octree_root_size) && is_border_front(n6, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n2), get_center_right(n2), get_center_front_right(n2), get_center_front(n2),
get_center(n6), get_center_right(n6), get_center_front_right(n6), get_center_front(n6));
}
}
if (is_border_top(n4, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_top(n5, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_top(n6, _octree_root_size) &&
is_border_top(n7, _octree_root_size)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center(n4), get_center(n5), get_center(n6), get_center(n7),
get_center_top(n4), get_center_top(n5), get_center_top(n6), get_center_top(n7));
}
if (is_border_bottom(n0) && is_border_bottom(n1) && is_border_bottom(n2) && is_border_bottom(n3)) {
grid.add_cell(
get_center_bottom(n0), get_center_bottom(n1), get_center_bottom(n2), get_center_bottom(n3),
get_center(n0), get_center(n1), get_center(n2), get_center(n3));
}
}
inline bool is_surface_near(OctreeNode *node) {
if (node->center_value.value == 0) {
return true;
}
return Math::abs(node->center_value.value) < node->size * SQRT3 * NEAR_SURFACE_FACTOR;
}
void DualGridGenerator::vert_proc(
OctreeNode *n0,
OctreeNode *n1,
OctreeNode *n2,
OctreeNode *n3,
OctreeNode *n4,
OctreeNode *n5,
OctreeNode *n6,
OctreeNode *n7) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
const bool n2_has_children = n2->has_children();
const bool n3_has_children = n3->has_children();
const bool n4_has_children = n4->has_children();
const bool n5_has_children = n5->has_children();
const bool n6_has_children = n6->has_children();
const bool n7_has_children = n7->has_children();
if (
n0_has_children || n1_has_children || n2_has_children || n3_has_children ||
n4_has_children || n5_has_children || n6_has_children || n7_has_children) {
OctreeNode *c0 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[6] : n0;
OctreeNode *c1 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[7] : n1;
OctreeNode *c2 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[4] : n2;
OctreeNode *c3 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[5] : n3;
OctreeNode *c4 = n4_has_children ? n4->children[2] : n4;
OctreeNode *c5 = n5_has_children ? n5->children[3] : n5;
OctreeNode *c6 = n6_has_children ? n6->children[0] : n6;
OctreeNode *c7 = n7_has_children ? n7->children[1] : n7;
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
} else {
if (!(
is_surface_near(n0) ||
is_surface_near(n1) ||
is_surface_near(n2) ||
is_surface_near(n3) ||
is_surface_near(n4) ||
is_surface_near(n5) ||
is_surface_near(n6) ||
is_surface_near(n7))) {
return;
}
DualCell cell;
cell.set_corner(0, get_center(n0), n0->center_value);
cell.set_corner(1, get_center(n1), n1->center_value);
cell.set_corner(2, get_center(n2), n2->center_value);
cell.set_corner(3, get_center(n3), n3->center_value);
cell.set_corner(4, get_center(n4), n4->center_value);
cell.set_corner(5, get_center(n5), n5->center_value);
cell.set_corner(6, get_center(n6), n6->center_value);
cell.set_corner(7, get_center(n7), n7->center_value);
cell.has_values = true;
_grid.cells.push_back(cell);
create_border_cells(n0, n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7);
}
}
void DualGridGenerator::edge_proc_x(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
const bool n2_has_children = n2->has_children();
const bool n3_has_children = n3->has_children();
if (!(n0_has_children || n1_has_children || n2_has_children || n3_has_children)) {
return;
}
OctreeNode *c0 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[7] : n0;
OctreeNode *c1 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[6] : n0;
OctreeNode *c2 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[5] : n1;
OctreeNode *c3 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[4] : n1;
OctreeNode *c4 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[3] : n3;
OctreeNode *c5 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[2] : n3;
OctreeNode *c6 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[1] : n2;
OctreeNode *c7 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[0] : n2;
edge_proc_x(c0, c3, c7, c4);
edge_proc_x(c1, c2, c6, c5);
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
}
void DualGridGenerator::edge_proc_y(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
const bool n2_has_children = n2->has_children();
const bool n3_has_children = n3->has_children();
if (!(n0_has_children || n1_has_children || n2_has_children || n3_has_children)) {
return;
}
OctreeNode *c0 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[2] : n0;
OctreeNode *c1 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[3] : n1;
OctreeNode *c2 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[0] : n2;
OctreeNode *c3 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[1] : n3;
OctreeNode *c4 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[6] : n0;
OctreeNode *c5 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[7] : n1;
OctreeNode *c6 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[4] : n2;
OctreeNode *c7 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[5] : n3;
edge_proc_y(c0, c1, c2, c3);
edge_proc_y(c4, c5, c6, c7);
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
}
void DualGridGenerator::edge_proc_z(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1, OctreeNode *n2, OctreeNode *n3) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
const bool n2_has_children = n2->has_children();
const bool n3_has_children = n3->has_children();
if (!(n0_has_children || n1_has_children || n2_has_children || n3_has_children)) {
return;
}
OctreeNode *c0 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[5] : n3;
OctreeNode *c1 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[4] : n2;
OctreeNode *c2 = n2_has_children ? n2->children[7] : n2;
OctreeNode *c3 = n3_has_children ? n3->children[6] : n3;
OctreeNode *c4 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[1] : n0;
OctreeNode *c5 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[0] : n1;
OctreeNode *c6 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[3] : n1;
OctreeNode *c7 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[2] : n0;
edge_proc_z(c7, c6, c2, c3);
edge_proc_z(c4, c5, c1, c0);
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
}
void DualGridGenerator::face_proc_xy(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
if (!(n0_has_children || n1_has_children)) {
return;
}
OctreeNode *c0 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[3] : n0;
OctreeNode *c1 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[2] : n0;
OctreeNode *c2 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[1] : n1;
OctreeNode *c3 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[0] : n1;
OctreeNode *c4 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[7] : n0;
OctreeNode *c5 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[6] : n0;
OctreeNode *c6 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[5] : n1;
OctreeNode *c7 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[4] : n1;
face_proc_xy(c0, c3);
face_proc_xy(c1, c2);
face_proc_xy(c4, c7);
face_proc_xy(c5, c6);
edge_proc_x(c0, c3, c7, c4);
edge_proc_x(c1, c2, c6, c5);
edge_proc_y(c0, c1, c2, c3);
edge_proc_y(c4, c5, c6, c7);
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
}
void DualGridGenerator::face_proc_zy(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
if (!(n0_has_children || n1_has_children)) {
return;
}
OctreeNode *c0 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[1] : n0;
OctreeNode *c1 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[0] : n1;
OctreeNode *c2 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[3] : n1;
OctreeNode *c3 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[2] : n0;
OctreeNode *c4 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[5] : n0;
OctreeNode *c5 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[4] : n1;
OctreeNode *c6 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[7] : n1;
OctreeNode *c7 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[6] : n0;
face_proc_zy(c0, c1);
face_proc_zy(c3, c2);
face_proc_zy(c4, c5);
face_proc_zy(c7, c6);
edge_proc_y(c0, c1, c2, c3);
edge_proc_y(c4, c5, c6, c7);
edge_proc_z(c7, c6, c2, c3);
edge_proc_z(c4, c5, c1, c0);
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
}
void DualGridGenerator::face_proc_xz(OctreeNode *n0, OctreeNode *n1) {
const bool n0_has_children = n0->has_children();
const bool n1_has_children = n1->has_children();
if (!(n0_has_children || n1_has_children)) {
return;
}
OctreeNode *c0 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[4] : n1;
OctreeNode *c1 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[5] : n1;
OctreeNode *c2 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[6] : n1;
OctreeNode *c3 = n1_has_children ? n1->children[7] : n1;
OctreeNode *c4 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[0] : n0;
OctreeNode *c5 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[1] : n0;
OctreeNode *c6 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[2] : n0;
OctreeNode *c7 = n0_has_children ? n0->children[3] : n0;
face_proc_xz(c4, c0);
face_proc_xz(c5, c1);
face_proc_xz(c7, c3);
face_proc_xz(c6, c2);
edge_proc_x(c0, c3, c7, c4);
edge_proc_x(c1, c2, c6, c5);
edge_proc_z(c7, c6, c2, c3);
edge_proc_z(c4, c5, c1, c0);
vert_proc(c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7);
}
void DualGridGenerator::node_proc(OctreeNode *node) {
if (!node->has_children()) {
return;
}
OctreeNode **children = node->children;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
node_proc(children[i]);
}
face_proc_xy(children[0], children[3]);
face_proc_xy(children[1], children[2]);
face_proc_xy(children[4], children[7]);
face_proc_xy(children[5], children[6]);
face_proc_zy(children[0], children[1]);
face_proc_zy(children[3], children[2]);
face_proc_zy(children[4], children[5]);
face_proc_zy(children[7], children[6]);
face_proc_xz(children[4], children[0]);
face_proc_xz(children[5], children[1]);
face_proc_xz(children[7], children[3]);
face_proc_xz(children[6], children[2]);
edge_proc_x(children[0], children[3], children[7], children[4]);
edge_proc_x(children[1], children[2], children[6], children[5]);
edge_proc_y(children[0], children[1], children[2], children[3]);
edge_proc_y(children[4], children[5], children[6], children[7]);
edge_proc_z(children[7], children[6], children[2], children[3]);
edge_proc_z(children[4], children[5], children[1], children[0]);
vert_proc(children[0], children[1], children[2], children[3], children[4], children[5], children[6], children[7]);
}
inline Vector3 interpolate(const Vector3 &v0, const Vector3 &v1, const HermiteValue &val0, const HermiteValue &val1, Vector3 &out_normal) {
if (Math::abs(val0.value - SURFACE_ISO_LEVEL) <= FLT_EPSILON) {
out_normal = val0.gradient;
return v0;
}
if (Math::abs(val1.value - SURFACE_ISO_LEVEL) <= FLT_EPSILON) {
out_normal = val1.gradient;
return v1;
}
if (Math::abs(val1.value - val0.value) <= FLT_EPSILON) {
out_normal = val0.gradient;
return v0;
}
float mu = (SURFACE_ISO_LEVEL - val0.value) / (val1.value - val0.value);
out_normal = val0.gradient + mu * (val1.gradient - val0.gradient);
out_normal.normalize();
return v0 + mu * (v1 - v0);
}
Ref<ArrayMesh> polygonize_dual_grid(const DualGrid &grid, const VoxelAccess &voxels, bool wireframe, MeshBuilder &mesh_builder) {
for (int dci = 0; dci < grid.cells.size(); ++dci) {
const DualCell &cell = grid.cells[dci];
const Vector3 *corners = cell.corners;
// Polygonize using regular marching cubes
unsigned char case_index = 0;
HermiteValue values[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
if (cell.has_values) {
values[i] = cell.values[i];
} else {
values[i] = voxels.get_interpolated_hermite_value(corners[i]);
}
if (values[i].value >= SURFACE_ISO_LEVEL) {
case_index |= 1 << i;
}
}
int edge = MarchingCubes::mc_edges[case_index];
if (!edge) {
// Nothing intersects
continue;
}
// Find the intersection vertices
Vector3 intersection_points[12];
Vector3 intersection_normals[12];
if (edge & 1) {
intersection_points[0] = interpolate(corners[0], corners[1], values[0], values[1], intersection_normals[0]);
}
if (edge & 2) {
intersection_points[1] = interpolate(corners[1], corners[2], values[1], values[2], intersection_normals[1]);
}
if (edge & 4) {
intersection_points[2] = interpolate(corners[2], corners[3], values[2], values[3], intersection_normals[2]);
}
if (edge & 8) {
intersection_points[3] = interpolate(corners[3], corners[0], values[3], values[0], intersection_normals[3]);
}
if (edge & 16) {
intersection_points[4] = interpolate(corners[4], corners[5], values[4], values[5], intersection_normals[4]);
}
if (edge & 32) {
intersection_points[5] = interpolate(corners[5], corners[6], values[5], values[6], intersection_normals[5]);
}
if (edge & 64) {
intersection_points[6] = interpolate(corners[6], corners[7], values[6], values[7], intersection_normals[6]);
}
if (edge & 128) {
intersection_points[7] = interpolate(corners[7], corners[4], values[7], values[4], intersection_normals[7]);
}
if (edge & 256) {
intersection_points[8] = interpolate(corners[0], corners[4], values[0], values[4], intersection_normals[8]);
}
if (edge & 512) {
intersection_points[9] = interpolate(corners[1], corners[5], values[1], values[5], intersection_normals[9]);
}
if (edge & 1024) {
intersection_points[10] = interpolate(corners[2], corners[6], values[2], values[6], intersection_normals[10]);
}
if (edge & 2048) {
intersection_points[11] = interpolate(corners[3], corners[7], values[3], values[7], intersection_normals[11]);
}
// Create the triangles according to the table.
for (int i = 0; MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i] != -1; i += 3) {
mesh_builder.add_vertex(
intersection_points[MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i]],
intersection_normals[MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i]]);
mesh_builder.add_vertex(
intersection_points[MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i + 1]],
intersection_normals[MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i + 1]]);
mesh_builder.add_vertex(
intersection_points[MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i + 2]],
intersection_normals[MarchingCubes::mc_triangles[case_index][i + 2]]);
}
}
return mesh_builder.commit(wireframe);
}
} // namespace dmc
#define BUILD_OCTREE_BOTTOM_UP
Ref<ArrayMesh> VoxelMesherDMC::build_mesh(const VoxelBuffer &voxels, real_t geometric_error, Mode mode) {
// Requirements:
// - Voxel data must be padded
// - Gradients must be precalculated
// - The non-padded area size is cubic and power of two
int padding = 1;
const Vector3i buffer_size = voxels.get_size();
// Taking previous power of two because the algorithm uses an integer cubic octree, and data should be padded
int chunk_size = previous_power_of_2(MIN(MIN(buffer_size.x, buffer_size.y), buffer_size.z));
ERR_FAIL_COND_V(voxels.get_size().x < chunk_size + padding * 2, Ref<ArrayMesh>());
ERR_FAIL_COND_V(voxels.get_size().y < chunk_size + padding * 2, Ref<ArrayMesh>());
ERR_FAIL_COND_V(voxels.get_size().z < chunk_size + padding * 2, Ref<ArrayMesh>());
// Construct an intermediate to handle padding transparently
dmc::VoxelAccess voxels_access(voxels, Vector3i(padding));
// In an ideal world, a tiny sphere placed in the middle of an empty SDF volume will
// cause corners data to change so that they indicate distance to it.
// That means we could build our meshing octree top-down efficiently because corners of the volume will tell if the
// distance to any surface is varying.
//
// For large terrains, 8-bit isolevels with quantification of -1..1 could be enough to represent surfaces.
// It compresses well, and we don't need to propagate distance changes to the whole volume as we edit it.
// Finally, it's easy to find uniform locations, they will be filled with 0 or 255, and discarded,
// or possibly stored in a data octree already.
//
// Problem:
// If you try building the meshing octree top-down in that case, it could see corners all have value of 1,
// and will skip everything, assuming the volume contains nothing.
// Building the octree bottom-up ensures to always catch voxels of any size, but will be a bit slower
// because all voxels are queried.
//
#ifdef BUILD_OCTREE_BOTTOM_UP
dmc::OctreeBuilderBottomUp octree_builder(voxels_access, geometric_error);
dmc::OctreeNode *root = octree_builder.build(Vector3i(), chunk_size);
#else
dmc::OctreeNode *root = memnew(dmc::OctreeNode);
root->origin = Vector3i();
root->size = chunk_size;
dmc::generate_octree_top_down(root, voxels_access, geometric_error);
#endif
if (root == nullptr) {
return Ref<ArrayMesh>();
}
// TODO OctreeNode pool to stop allocating. Or, flat octree?
if (mode == VoxelMesherDMC::MODE_DEBUG_OCTREE) {
Ref<ArrayMesh> mesh = dmc::generate_debug_octree_mesh(root);
memdelete(root);
return mesh;
}
dmc::DualGrid grid;
dmc::DualGridGenerator dual_grid_generator(grid, root->size);
dual_grid_generator.node_proc(root);
memdelete(root);
// TODO Handle non-subdivided octree
if (mode == VoxelMesherDMC::MODE_DEBUG_DUAL_GRID) {
return dmc::generate_debug_dual_grid_mesh(grid);
}
Ref<ArrayMesh> mesh = dmc::polygonize_dual_grid(grid, voxels_access, mode == VoxelMesherDMC::MODE_WIREFRAME, _mesh_builder);
// TODO Marching squares skirts
return mesh;
}
Ref<ArrayMesh> VoxelMesherDMC::_build_mesh_b(Ref<VoxelBuffer> voxels, real_t geometric_error, Mode mode) {
ERR_FAIL_COND_V(voxels.is_null(), Ref<ArrayMesh>());
return build_mesh(**voxels, geometric_error, mode);
}
void VoxelMesherDMC::_bind_methods() {
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("build_mesh", "voxel_buffer", "geometric_error", "mode"), &VoxelMesherDMC::_build_mesh_b, DEFVAL(MODE_NORMAL));
BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(MODE_NORMAL);
BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(MODE_WIREFRAME);
BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(MODE_DEBUG_OCTREE);
BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(MODE_DEBUG_DUAL_GRID);
}