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511 lines
25 KiB
ReStructuredText
511 lines
25 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _doc_binary_serialization_api:
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Binary serialization API
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========================
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Introduction
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------------
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Godot has a simple serialization API based on Variant. It's used for
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converting data types to an array of bytes efficiently. This API is used
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in the functions ``get_var`` and ``store_var`` of `File`
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as well as the packet APIs for `PacketPeer`. This format
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is *not* used for binary scenes and resources.
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Packet specification
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--------------------
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The packet is designed to be always padded to 4 bytes. All values are
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little-endian-encoded. All packets have a 4-byte header representing an
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integer, specifying the type of data.
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The lowest value two bytes are used to determine the type, while the highest value
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two bytes contain flags::
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base_type = val & 0xFFFF;
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flags = val >> 16;
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| Type | Value |
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+========+==========================+
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| 0 | null |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 1 | bool |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 2 | integer |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 3 | float |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 4 | string |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 5 | vector2 |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 6 | rect2 |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 7 | vector3 |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 8 | transform2d |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 9 | plane |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 10 | quat |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 11 | aabb |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 12 | basis |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 13 | transform |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 14 | color |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 15 | node path |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 16 | rid |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 17 | object |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 18 | dictionary |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 19 | array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 20 | raw array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 21 | int array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 22 | real array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 23 | string array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 24 | vector2 array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 25 | vector3 array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 26 | color array |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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| 27 | max |
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+--------+--------------------------+
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Following this is the actual packet contents, which varies for each type of
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packet. Note that this assumes Godot is compiled with single-precision floats,
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which is the default. If Godot was compiled with double-precision floats, the
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length of "Float" fields within data structures should be 8, and the offset
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should be ``(offset - 4) * 2 + 4``. The "float" type itself always uses double
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precision.
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0: null
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~~~~~~~
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1: `bool<class_bool>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+===========================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | 0 for False, 1 for True |
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+----------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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2: `int<class_int>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If no flags are set (flags == 0), the integer is sent as a 32 bit integer:
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+----------+-------+-----------+--------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+==========================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | 32-bit signed integer |
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+----------+-------+-----------+--------------------------+
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If flag ``ENCODE_FLAG_64`` is set (``flags & 1 == 1``), the integer is sent as
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a 64-bit integer:
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+----------+-------+-----------+--------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+==========================+
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| 4 | 8 | Integer | 64-bit signed integer |
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+----------+-------+-----------+--------------------------+
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3: `float<class_float>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If no flags are set (flags == 0), the float is sent as a 32 bit single precision:
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+----------+-------+---------+-----------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | IEEE 754 single-precision float |
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+----------+-------+---------+-----------------------------------+
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If flag ``ENCODE_FLAG_64`` is set (``flags & 1 == 1``), the float is sent as
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a 64-bit double precision number:
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+----------+-------+---------+-----------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===================================+
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| 4 | 8 | Float | IEEE 754 double-precision float |
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+----------+-------+---------+-----------------------------------+
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4: `String<class_string>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+-----------+----------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+============================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | String length (in bytes) |
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+----------+-------+-----------+----------------------------+
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| 8 | X | Bytes | UTF-8 encoded string |
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+----------+-------+-----------+----------------------------+
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This field is padded to 4 bytes.
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5: `Vector2<class_vector2>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | X coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Y coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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6: `Rect2<class_rect2>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | X coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Y coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | X size |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | Y size |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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7: `Vector3<class_vector3>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | X coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Y coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | Z coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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8: `Transform2D<class_transform2d>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===============================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | The X component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | The X component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 20 | 4 | Float | The X component of the origin vector, accessed via [2][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 24 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the origin vector, accessed via [2][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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9: `Plane<class_plane>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===============+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | Normal X |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Normal Y |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | Normal Z |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | Distance |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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10: `Quat<class_quat>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===============+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | Imaginary X |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Imaginary Y |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | Imaginary Z |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | Real W |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------+
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11: `AABB<class_aabb>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | X coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Y coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | Z coordinate |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | X size |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 20 | 4 | Float | Y size |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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| 24 | 4 | Float | Z size |
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+----------+-------+---------+----------------+
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12: `Basis<class_basis>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===============================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | The X component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | The X component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 20 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 24 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 28 | 4 | Float | The X component of the Z column vector, accessed via [2][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 32 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the Z column vector, accessed via [2][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 36 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the Z column vector, accessed via [2][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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13: `Transform<class_transform>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+===============================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | The X component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the X column vector, accessed via [0][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | The X component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 20 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 24 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the Y column vector, accessed via [1][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 28 | 4 | Float | The X component of the Z column vector, accessed via [2][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 32 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the Z column vector, accessed via [2][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 36 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the Z column vector, accessed via [2][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 40 | 4 | Float | The X component of the origin vector, accessed via [3][0] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 44 | 4 | Float | The Y component of the origin vector, accessed via [3][1] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 48 | 4 | Float | The Z component of the origin vector, accessed via [3][2] |
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+----------+-------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
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14: `Color<class_color>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+==============================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Float | Red (typically 0..1, can be above 1 for overbright colors) |
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+----------+-------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Float | Green (typically 0..1, can be above 1 for overbright colors) |
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+----------+-------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 12 | 4 | Float | Blue (typically 0..1, can be above 1 for overbright colors) |
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+----------+-------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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| 16 | 4 | Float | Alpha (0..1) |
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+----------+-------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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15: `NodePath<class_nodepath>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+=========================================================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | String length, or new format (val&0x80000000!=0 and NameCount=val&0x7FFFFFFF) |
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+----------+-------+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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For old format:
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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+----------+-------+---------+------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+=========+========================+
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| 8 | X | Bytes | UTF-8 encoded string |
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+----------+-------+---------+------------------------+
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Padded to 4 bytes.
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For new format:
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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+----------+-------+-----------+-------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+=====================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Sub-name count |
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+----------+-------+-----------+-------------------------------------+
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| 8 | 4 | Integer | Flags (absolute: val&1 != 0 ) |
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+----------+-------+-----------+-------------------------------------+
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For each Name and Sub-Name
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+----------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+========================+
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| X+0 | 4 | Integer | String length |
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+----------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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| X+4 | X | Bytes | UTF-8 encoded string |
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+----------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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Every name string is padded to 4 bytes.
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16: `RID<class_rid>` (unsupported)
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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17: `Object<class_object>` (unsupported)
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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18: `Dictionary<class_dictionary>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+=====================================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | val&0x7FFFFFFF = elements, val&0x80000000 = shared (bool) |
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+----------+-------+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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Then what follows is, for amount of "elements", pairs of key and value,
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one after the other, using this same format.
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19: `Array<class_array>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+=====================================================================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | val&0x7FFFFFFF = elements, val&0x80000000 = shared (bool) |
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+----------+-------+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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Then what follows is, for amount of "elements", values one after the
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other, using this same format.
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20: `PoolByteArray<class_poolbytearray>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+---------------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+===============+=======+===========+========================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length (Bytes) |
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+---------------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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| 8..8+length | 1 | Byte | Byte (0..255) |
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+---------------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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The array data is padded to 4 bytes.
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21: `PoolIntArray<class_poolintarray>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+------------------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==================+=======+===========+===========================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length (Integers) |
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+------------------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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| 8..8+length\*4 | 4 | Integer | 32-bit signed integer |
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+------------------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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22: `PoolRealArray<class_poolrealarray>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+------------------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==================+=======+===========+===========================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length (Floats) |
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+------------------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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| 8..8+length\*4 | 4 | Integer | 32-bits IEEE 754 float |
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+------------------+-------+-----------+---------------------------+
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23: `PoolStringArray<class_poolstringarray>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+----------+-------+-----------+--------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+==========================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length (Strings) |
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+----------+-------+-----------+--------------------------+
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For each String:
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+----------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+==========+=======+===========+========================+
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| X+0 | 4 | Integer | String length |
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+----------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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| X+4 | X | Bytes | UTF-8 encoded string |
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+----------+-------+-----------+------------------------+
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Every string is padded to 4 bytes.
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24: `PoolVector2Array<class_poolvector2array>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+-------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+===================+=======+===========+================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length |
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+-------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| 8..8+length\*8 | 4 | Float | X coordinate |
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+-------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| 8..12+length\*8 | 4 | Float | Y coordinate |
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+-------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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25: `PoolVector3Array<class_poolvector3array>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+--------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
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+====================+=======+===========+================+
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| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length |
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+--------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| 8..8+length\*12 | 4 | Float | X coordinate |
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+--------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| 8..12+length\*12 | 4 | Float | Y coordinate |
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+--------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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| 8..16+length\*12 | 4 | Float | Z coordinate |
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+--------------------+-------+-----------+----------------+
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26: `PoolColorArray<class_poolcolorarray>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+--------------------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Offset | Len | Type | Description |
|
|
+====================+=======+===========+==============================================================+
|
|
| 4 | 4 | Integer | Array length |
|
|
+--------------------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
| 8..8+length\*16 | 4 | Float | Red (typically 0..1, can be above 1 for overbright colors) |
|
|
+--------------------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
| 8..12+length\*16 | 4 | Float | Green (typically 0..1, can be above 1 for overbright colors) |
|
|
+--------------------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
| 8..16+length\*16 | 4 | Float | Blue (typically 0..1, can be above 1 for overbright colors) |
|
|
+--------------------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
| 8..20+length\*16 | 4 | Float | Alpha (0..1) |
|
|
+--------------------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|