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Removed gdscript grammar page.
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.. _doc_gdscript_grammar:
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GDScript grammar
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================
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This is the formal grammar of GDScript written in `EBNF <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_Backus%E2%80%93Naur_form>`_,
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for reference purposes.
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.. note:: This grammar is descriptive only, derived from the reference
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documentation and current implementation. The GDScript parser is
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**not** generated from a grammar definition. Inconsistencies here
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likely mean an error in this grammar, not a bug in GDScript.
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.. code-block:: ebnf
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(* GDScript EBNF grammar.
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Uppercase words are terminals generated by the tokenizer.
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INDENT/DEDENT are not generated by the tokenizer yet, but they are added
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here for reading convenience.
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Naturally, this only cover syntax. Semantics can't be inferred from this
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description.
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*)
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program = [ inheritance NEWLINE ] [ className ] { topLevelDecl } ;
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inheritance = "extends" ( IDENTIFIER | STRING ) { "." IDENTIFIER } ;
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className = "class_name" IDENTIFIER [ "," STRING ] NEWLINE ;
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topLevelDecl
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= classVarDecl
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| constDecl
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| signalDecl
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| enumDecl
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| methodDecl
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| constructorDecl
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| innerClass
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| "tool"
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;
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classVarDecl = [ "onready" ] [ export ] "var" IDENTIFIER [ ":" typeHint ]
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[ "=" expression ] [ setget ] NEWLINE ;
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setget = "setget" [ IDENTIFIER ] [ "," IDENTIFIER] ;
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export = "export" [ "(" [ BUILTINTYPE | IDENTIFIER { "," literal } ] ")" ] ;
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typeHint = BUILTINTYPE | IDENTIFIER ;
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constDecl = "const" IDENTIFIER [ ":" typeHint ] "=" expression NEWLINE ;
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signalDecl = "signal" IDENTIFIER [ signalParList ] NEWLINE ;
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signalParList = "(" [ IDENTIFIER { "," IDENTIFIER } ] ")" ;
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enumDecl = "enum" [ IDENTIFIER ] "{" [ IDENTIFIER [ "=" INTEGER ]
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{ "," IDENTIFIER [ "=" INTEGER ] } [ "," ] ] "}" NEWLINE ;
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methodDecl = [ rpc ] [ "static" ] "func" IDENTIFIER "(" [ parList ] ")"
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[ "->" typeHint] ":" stmtOrSuite ;
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parList = parameter { "," parameter } ;
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parameter = [ "var" ] IDENTIFIER [ ":" typeHint ] [ "=" expression ] ;
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rpc = "remote" | "master" | "puppet"
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| "remotesync" | "mastersync" | "puppetsync";
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constructorDecl = "func" IDENTIFIER "(" [ parList ] ")"
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[ "." "(" [ argList ] ")" ] ":" stmtOrSuite ;
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argList = expression { "," expression } ;
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innerClass = "class" IDENTIFIER [ inheritance ] ":" NEWLINE
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INDENT [ inheritance NEWLINE ] topLevelDecl { topLevelDecl } DEDENT ;
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stmtOrSuite = stmt | NEWLINE INDENT suite DEDENT ;
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suite = stmt { stmt };
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stmt
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= varDeclStmt
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| ifStmt
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| forStmt
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| whileStmt
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| matchStmt
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| flowStmt
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| assignmentStmt
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| exprStmt
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| assertStmt
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| yieldStmt
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| preloadStmt
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| "breakpoint" stmtEnd
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| "pass" stmtEnd
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;
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stmtEnd = NEWLINE | ";" ;
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ifStmt = "if" expression ":" stmtOrSuite { "elif" expression ":" stmtOrSuite }
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[ "else" ":" stmtOrSuite ] ;
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whileStmt = "while" expression ":" stmtOrSuite;
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forStmt = "for" IDENTIFIER "in" expression ":" stmtOrSuite ;
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matchStmt = "match" expression ":" NEWLINE INDENT matchBlock DEDENT;
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matchBlock = patternList ":" stmtOrSuite { patternList ":" stmtOrSuite };
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patternList = pattern { "," pattern } ;
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(* Note: you can't have a binding in a pattern list, but to not complicate the
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grammar more it won't be restricted syntactically *)
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pattern = literal | BUILTINTYPE | CONSTANT | "_" | bindingPattern
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| arrayPattern | dictPattern ;
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bindingPattern = "var" IDENTIFIER ;
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arrayPattern = "[" [ pattern { "," pattern } [ ".." ] ] "]" ;
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dictPattern = "{" [ keyValuePattern ] { "," keyValuePattern } [ ".." ] "}" ;
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keyValuePattern = STRING [ ":" pattern ] ;
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flowStmt
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= "continue" stmtEnd
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| "break" stmtEnd
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| "return" [ expression ] stmtEnd
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;
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assignmentStmt = subscription "=" expression stmtEnd;
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varDeclStmt = "var" IDENTIFIER [ "=" expression ] stmtEnd;
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assertStmt = "assert" "(" expression [ "," STRING ] ")" stmtEnd ;
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yieldStmt = "yield" "(" [ expression "," expression ] ")" ;
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preloadStmt = "preload" "(" CONSTANT ")" ;
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(* This expression grammar encodes precedence. Items later in the list have
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higher precedence than the ones before. *)
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exprStmt = expression stmtEnd ;
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expression = cast [ "[" expression "]" ] ;
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cast = ternaryExpr [ "as" typeHint ];
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ternaryExpr = logicOr [ "if" logicOr "else" logicOr ] ;
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logicOr = logicAnd { ( "or" | "||" ) logicAnd } ;
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logicAnd = logicNot { ( "and" | "&&" ) logicNot };
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logicNot = ( "!" | "not" ) logicNot | in;
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in = comparison { "in" comparison };
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comparison = bitOr { ( "<" | ">" | "<=" | ">=" | "==" | "!=" ) bitOr } ;
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bitOr = bitXor { "|" bitXor } ;
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bitXor = bitAnd { "^" bitAnd } ;
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bitAnd = bitShift { "&" bitShift } ;
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bitShift = minus { ( "<<" | ">>" ) minus } ;
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minus = plus { "-" plus } ;
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plus = factor { "+" factor } ;
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factor = sign { ( "*" | "/" | "%" ) sign } ;
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sign = ( "-" | "+" ) sign | bitNot ;
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bitNot = "~" bitNot | is ;
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is = call [ "is" ( IDENTIFIER | BUILTINTYPE ) ] ;
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call = attribute [ "(" [ argList ] ")" ];
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attribute = subscription { "." IDENTIFIER } ;
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subscription = primary [ "[" expression "]" ] ;
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primary = "true" | "false" | "null" | "self" | literal | arrayDecl
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| dictDecl | "(" expression ")" ;
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literal = STRING | NUMBER | IDENTIFIER | BUILTINTYPE
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| "PI" | "TAU" | "NAN" | "INF" ;
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arrayDecl = "[" [ expression { "," expression } "," ] "]" ;
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dictDecl = "{" [ keyValue { "," keyValue } "," ] "}" ;
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keyValue
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= expression ":" expression
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| IDENTIFIER "=" expression
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;
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@ -5,5 +5,4 @@ Godot file formats
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:maxdepth: 1
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:name: toc-devel-file-formats
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gdscript_grammar.rst
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tscn.rst
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